0 Persian Leopard

Animal Unique | Persian Leopard | Persian leopard is also called Caucasian leopard. It is the largest leopard subspecies and is native to eastern Turkey, the Caucasus mountains, northern Iran, southern Turkmenistan, and parts of western Afghanistan. Their habitat consists of subalpine meadows, deciduous forests and rugged canyons of 600 to 3.800 meters (2.000 to 12.500 feet) in the Greater Caucasus, and rocky slopes, mountains, steppes and arid forest in the Lesser Caucasus and Iran. Only a few small and isolated populations remain throughout the ecoregion. Suitable habitat in each range country is limited and usually located in remote border areas. The local population is dependent on immigration from source populations in the south, mainly in Iran. The Persian leopard is a flagship species. His presence is a sign of the health of the whole ecosystem. 

 

This beautiful cat has a lot by resisting through the years of the war-torn conditions in the geographic range. This along with poaching for fur, has price hunting, poisoning, wild fires and habitat and prey loss meant that less than thirteen hundred Persian leopards in the wild today. Highest numbers are in Iran with about six to eight hundred animals reportedly existing. There are some conservation projects underway, with plans for the big cat again in Russia is one of them. There is not much documented about a unique physical characteristics of this large cat. It is similar in appearance to other members of his species, with a tawny coat marked with rosettes. It is rarely photographed in the wild and rarely studied in detail. As a result, not much is known about the behavior, hunting and reproductive profile, but the leopard is known to prey on a variety of animals such as deer, goats, sheep, camels, dogs, mules, wild pigs and birds. 

 

Scientific classification
Kingdom:     Animalia
Phylum:     Chordata
Class:     Mammalia
Order:     Carnivora
Family:     Felidae
Genus:     Panthera
Species:     P. pardus
Subspecies:     P. p. ciscaucasica

Persian leopards are threatened by poaching, depletion of their prey base due to poaching, human disturbance such as the presence of military and training of the troops in the border area, habitat loss due to deforestation, fire, agricultural expansion, overgrazing and infrastructure development.n Iran, primary threats are habitat disturbances followed by illegal hunting and cattle than in the leopard habitats. The leopards' chance to survive outside the protected areas are very small. Intensive dry in many parts of leopard habitat in recent years affecting major leopard prey animals such as wild goats and wild sheep.

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0 Dhole

 

Animal Unique | Dhole | Dhole, also known as the Asiatic wild dog or Indian wild dog, is a species of canid from South and Southeast Asia. It is the only existing member of the genus Cuon of Canis differs by the limited choice and higher number of teats. The dholes are classified as endangered by the IUCN, due to continuing habitat loss, depletion of prey base, competition from other predators, persecution and possible diseases from domestic and wild dogs. The dhole normally lives in forest habitats, but can also stretch a living in the open steppes of Kashmir and Siberia. Today, very little is known about the distribution of the dhole, but limited surveys indicate serious decline and fragmentation of the former range. The best remaining populations are likely to find in central and southern India, but even the stability is in question. 

 

Scientific classification
Kingdom:     Animalia
Phylum:     Chordata
Class:     Mammalia
Order:     Carnivora
Family:     Canidae
Subfamily:     Caninae
Genus:     Cuon, Hodgson, 1838
Species:     C. alpinus

The dhole has a broad skull and short, broad muzzle. The fur on the back and sides is reddish brown, while the neck, chest and underside are white or light colored. Dholes or Asian wild dogs are pack-living canids, although they are unique among this family in having a stocky snout and a lower molar tooth on both sides of the mandible. The bushy tail is black and the pups are also born a sooty black color before acquiring their adult coat around the age of three months. The large round ears are filled with white hair and the eyes are orange. Males are generally considerably larger than the females. Dholes have a wide range of sounds, including a very distinctive whistle that is used to get members back together in the dense forests with their habitat 

 

The dhole is a very cooperative and social animals, living in organized packs of around 10 individuals. Groups often contain more men than women, usually with only one breeding female. Occasionally there are large groups of more than 40 dogs seen, possibly due to the temporary fusion of neighboring packs. Together with the gray wolf, African hunting dog and Amazonian bush dog, the dhole is one of the few dogs that regularly hunts in packs. This requires intelligence, coordination, and some courage! In India, one of the dhole's favorite prey is the medium-sized Axis deer. In some cases, however, will have to tackle larger prey like the banteng (a large Bovid), and very aggressive prey like the wild boar. With such dangerous quarry, the dogs can literally risk their lives to the food they need to survive secure. Communal hunting is especially important during the breeding season when pack members return to the cave to outbreaks of food for the mother and pups. Sometimes, however, dholes prefer to hunt individually or in pairs, with an emphasis on smaller prey such as hares. 

 

Dholes produce whistle resembling the calls of red foxes, sometimes shown as "Coo-Coo". How this sound is produced is not known, but it is thought to help coordinate the pack when traveling through thick brush. Dholes have a complex body language. Sincerely submissive or be accompanied by horizontal lip retraction and reduction of the tail, but also licking. Playful dholes will open their mouth with their lips drawn back and their tails held in a vertical position, while based on a play bow. Aggressive or threatening dholes folds will continue their lips in a snarl and raise the hairs on their backs and hold their tails horizontally or vertically. When frightened, they withdraw their lips horizontally with the tail folded and their ears flat against the skull. 

 

Dhole numbers have reduced their habitat is destroyed during a large part of the Asian continent, the human population explosion has led to the clearance of forests for timber and to make way for agriculture and development. Historically, hunters dholes seen the competition and thus persecuted them; premiums were offered for their fur. Today, habitat loss and the elimination of prey are the biggest threats to the survival of the dhole. Dholes are protected by the bulk of their range.India and Nepal, are protected in many dholes tiger reserves and this has helped to keep their stronghold in southern India

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0 Cuscus

Animal Unique | Cuscus  | The cuscus is a subspecies of the cuscus possum with being the largest of the world's possum species. The cuscus has small ears and large eyes Which the cuscus aid through it's nocturnal lifestyle. The cuscus is an arboreal mammal, and spends it's life almost Exclusively in the trees. The cuscus is an omnivorous animal but the cuscus Mainly eats leaves and fruits occasionally feasting on small birds and reptiles.

The mother gives birth to cuscus Between 2 and 4 baby cuscus after a gestation period of just a couple of weeks. This allows the cuscus to be Able to grip onto the tree branches more Easily When The cuscus is moving from tree to tree and resting During the day. The cuscus also has long, sharp claws Which help the cuscus When it is moving around in the trees.

to the arboreal and nocturnal lifestyle of the cuscus, the cuscus has few natural predators in it's environment. The main predators of the cuscus (besides humans) are large snakes and birds of prey Which tend to pick on the more vulnerable, young cuscus. The human is the biggest predator of the cuscus as the natives hunt cuscus for Both the meat of the cuscus and the thick fur of the cuscus.

 

When the cuscus was first discovered, scientists Believed That the cuscus was a type of monkey due to the way That the cuscus moves through the trees and uses it's tail to grip onto branches.

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Detail: Cuscus

0 Priacanthidae

Animal Unique | Priacanthidae | Priacanthidae, the Bigeyes, family Includes 18 species of marine fish. "Catalufa" is the common name for the second year of some family members Priacanthidae. The origin of the scientific name ("prioo-" to bite + "akantha" thorns) Refers to the family very rough, spined scales. The common name of "bigeye" In the eyes refers to a species' unusually wide, which fit their lifestyles and carnivorous night. Typically Priacanthidae bright red color, mark Have some patterns in silver, dusky, brown or black. Most species reach a maximum total length of about 30 cm (12 in), although a few species A over pieces of 50 cm (20 in.) is known.

 

Most members of this family are native to tropical and subtropical share the Indian and Pacific Oceans, the purpose oven aussi species (japonicus Cookeolus, Heteropriacanthus cruentatus, Priacanthus arenatus and Pristigenys Alta) in the Atlantic. They are tend to live near rock outcroppings or reefs, deserted for A little known to open waters. Many species found in relatively deep water; achievable depths below normal scuba diving. Some species are fishing as fish food. The Earliest Fossil approbation Priacanthidae dates back to the middle Eocene epoch of the Tertiary période lower, around 40-50000000 gold years ago.

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Detail: Priacanthidae

0 Sturgeon

Animal Unique | Sturgeon | The Sturgeon  or European, and Kaluga (Huso huso) is a species of anadromous fish in the sturgeon family (Acipenseridae) of Acipenseriformes order. It is found mainly in the basins of the Black Sea and Caspian, and sometimes in the Adriatic Sea. Very valuable fished for roe of the female known as Sturgeon caviar Sturgeon is a huge fish and a late maturing, which can live for numbers 118 species of years.The were significantly reduced by overfishing and poaching, which prompting many governments to adopt restrictions on trade. Most similar to Sturgeon Huso Huso huso is dauricus kaluga, also called the "Sturgeon River".

The common name of the sturgeon, Sturgeon whale as for the independent, is derived from the Russian word белый (Belyy), which means "white". The Sturgeon is a large predator that eats other fish. As do many sturgeons, the Sturgeon travels upstream in rivers to spawn. Sturgeon whales are much larger than giant catfish Mekong giant arapaima or.

The female Sturgeon is typically 20% larger than the male. Sturgeon caviar is considered a delicacy throughout the world. The flesh of the whale, on the other hand, is not particularly renowned. Sturgeon caviar has long been scarce and expensive. The endangered status of the fish was more expensive than caviar Sturgeon before.IUCN class as critically endangered.

It is a protected species listed in Annex III of the Bern Convention, and its trade is restricted under CITES Appendix II. The Mediterranean population is strongly protected under Annex II of the Bern Convention, the prohibition of intentional killing of these fish. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has banned imports of Sturgeon caviar and other Sturgeon from the Caspian Sea since October 6, 2005, after the announcement sturgeon under the Endangered Species Act of the United States.

 

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0 Longhorn Cowfish

Animal Unique | Longhorn Cowfish | Longhorn Cowfish, Lactoria cornuta, is a lot of Ostraciidae boxfish family, recognizable by its long horns that protrude from the front of the head, and as a cow or bull. They are located in the Indo-Pacific Ocean and can grow up to 20 cm in length. Although poorly suited to an aquarium at home, Cowfish is becoming increasingly popular as a pet.

Adults are reef fish, often solitary and territorial, living around the sand or debris on the bottom to a depth of 50 meters. They are omnivorous, feeding on benthic algae, and foraminifera of various microorganisms that strains from the sediments, sponges, polychaete worms from sand flats, molluscs, crustaceans and small fish, small, able to feed on benthic invertebrates by blowing a stream of water at the sandy bottom.

 

There is no known sexual dimorphism, so both men and women display yellow to olive base color, which is decorated with white spots or bluish. Paired courtship just before or after sunset. Eggs and larvae are pelagic.

 

One difference from the other fish is the lack of gill cover, which is replaced by a small gap or otwór.Sześciokątne plate as the fish scales are linked together in a solid, triangular, box-like carapace, from which the fins and tail protrude. Their unique way of swimming pool ostraciform called, makes it look as if they floated. They have no pelvic skeleton, so they lack pelvic fins. Are slow swimmers Cowfish easily caught by hand, grunting noise when captured. This is the most familiar species Cowfish aquarium trade.

 

If you are seriously stressed, this species may be able to secrete a deadly toxin, ostracitoxin and ichthyotoxic, hemolytic, heat-stable and not dialyzable, no toxic proteins in the mucous secretions of the skin. This is apparently unique among known fish poisons, are toxic to boxfish and resembles red tide and sea cucumber toxins in general properties.

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Detail: Longhorn Cowfish

0 Otter

Animal Unique | Otter | Endangere The Otters are twelve kinds of semi-aquatic (or in one case aquatic) mammals that feed on fish and shellfish, but also other invertebrates, amphibians, birds and small mammals. The otter subfamily Lutrinae belongs to the family of mustelids, which also includes weasels, polecats, badgers and wolverines.

Nomenclature OtterThe word otter derives from the Old English word or Otor Oteren. These and related words in other Indo-European languages ​​ultimately stem from the PIE root * wódr̥ which also gave rise to the English word water. An Otter's Den is called a cavity or a bank. A male otter is a dog, a female a bitch, a baby and a whelp, kit or pup. Citation needed The collective nouns for otters crowd, family, lodge or romp, descriptive of their often playful nature, or when in the water raft.

Scientific classification
Kingdom:     Animalia
Phylum:     Chordata
Class:         Mammal
Order:         Carnivora
Suborder:     Caniformia
Family:     Mustelidae
Subfamily:     Lutrinae Gestation

The time of pregnancy in otters is about 60 to 86 days. The newborn pup is provided by the mother, father, and all other descendants. Female otters reach sexual maturity at about two years old, while males can produce offspring at around three years old. After one month, the young otter from the cave, and after two months, it can swim. It lives with his family for about one year, so it can learn and be safely kept until maturity. Otters live to 16 years.

Features OtterOtters have long, slender bodies and relatively short limbs, with webbed feet. Most have sharp claws on their feet, and all except the sea otter have long muscular tail. The twelve species vary in adult size from 0.6 to 1.8 meters (2-6 feet) long and 1-45 kilograms (2.2 to 100 pounds) in weight. The Oriental small claws otter is the smallest otter species and large otters and sea otters are the largest. They have a very soft, insulated undercoat that is protected by an outer layer of long guard hair. These include a layer of air, and keeps them dry and warm under water.

Many otters live in cold water and have a high metabolism to help keep them warm. Eurasian otters must eat 15% of their body weight per day, and sea otters, 20 to 25% depending on temperature. In water as warm as 10 ° C (50 ° F), an otter to 100 grams (3.5 ounces) of fish caught per hour to survive. Most species hunt for three to five hours a day, and nursing mothers up to eight hours a day.

For most otters, fish is the staple of their diet. This is often supplemented by frogs, lobsters and crabs.  Some otters are expert at opening shellfish, and others will feed on available small mammals or birds. Prey dependence leaves otters are very vulnerable to prey depletion.

Otters are very active, chasing prey in the water or search for the beds of rivers, lakes or the sea. Most species live along the water, but river otters usually just enter to hunt or travel, or spend much of their time on land to prevent their fur with water. Sea otters are highly aquatic and live in the ocean for most of their lives. Otters are playful animals and seem to participate in different behaviors for pure pleasure. Different species differ in their social structure, with a few largely solitary, while others live in groups - in a few species of these groups can be quite large

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0 Lion Fish

Animal Unique | Lion Fish | One of the most photogenic fish you may encounter while diving is the Lionfish, a fish as beautiful as it is dangerous. It is also known as Devil Fire fish, Turkey fish, Scorpion fish and Zebra fish. This species has a very distinctive striped body, and a series of spines and fins that open into a magnificent display of flamboyant. Attractive even poisonous, but wanted feared, the Lionfish has confidence in his own abilities and is often one of the first fish species novice divers come to recognize. 

Lionfish appear to still prefer water sheltered from the current, quieter and darker parts of reefs and wrecks, where they hover almost motionless with their heads a little down the title. They are also known to exist in bays, estuaries and harbors.

Scientific classification
Kingdom:     Animalia
Phylum:     Chordata
Class:     Actinopterygii
Order:     Scorpaeniformes
Family:     Scorpaenidae
Subfamily:     Pteroinae
Genus:     Pterois, Oken, 1817

The 9 or 10 species of the genus Pterois  have a pair of fan-shaped pectoral fins and a pointed first dorsal fin. The dorsal, anal and pelvic fin spines are highly toxic, unlike the breast and tail fins that do not contain backbone. The poison is very powerful, and a lionfish sting is a serious health problem emergency. Symptoms of envenomation are intense throbbing, sharp pain, tingling, blisters and sweaty. Worst case scenarios, but usually not deadly to humans are headache, nausea, abdominal pain, delirium, seizures, paralysis of the limbs, changes in blood pressure, breathing difficulties, heart failure and tremours, pulmonary edema, and loss of consciousness.

Lionfish can be aggressive, even working on potential threats to the approach of a 'spine forward, they should be treated with caution at all times. Scorpionfishes second only stingrays in the total number of stinging worldwide, with an estimated 40,000 to 50,000 cases per year. Basic treatment includes immersing the affected area in hot water (to 45 ° C). Professional medical assistance should be sought in all cases of fire fish envenomation. 

For most of their adult lives, Lionfish are solitary and will fiercely defend their homelands against other individuals of either the same or different species, using their poisonous dorsal spines. Males are more aggressive than females. As their name suggests, Lionfish are fearsome predators. Hunt mostly at night, the lion fish to eat almost any fish or shellfish can catch. Normally sluggish fish, they spend a lot of energy hunting and must therefore eat a substantial amount, so much of the behavior of these fish is dictated by hunger.

Although the majority of feeding the Lionfish is completed within the first hour of the night, will remain out in the open to daylight. When the sun rises, they withdraw to their homes under the shadowy coral, rocks and overhangs. When hunting for shellfish, they glide over the surface, vibrating rays to their potential prey for the safety.

They tend to corner prey using their large fins and then with a fast gulp to swallow whole, like the attack sips of a frogfish. It is believed that they usually approach their prey slowly from below, their fins spread shielding the movement of the tail fin, so that their prey will not be alarmed. Their bizarre striped color pattern can be a very useful disguise in a reef environment, which also helps in the hunt. However, like the stripes of the African zebra, the true reason is open to conjecture.

 

 

Lionfish have also known that a different strategy to hunt. They float in open water just below the surface, look for schools of small fish jumping out of the water to avoid another predator. Once the smaller fish break the surface and back into the water, they suddenly are in the belly of a grateful Lionfish. 

They learn quickly and are useful swimmers and hunters of small ciliates within 4 days after conception. The larvae settle out of the water column after a period of about 25 to 40 days, with a size of 10-12 mm in length.

Lionfish bulk and quickly developing a large body size early in their life cycle. This makes them more likely to prevent attacks by predators, and increases the chance that they mating success. Depending on the species, lLionfish lives of 5 to 15 years, but the vast majority do perish in the wild early in life. 

The Lionfish in the Red Sea is known haunted by cornet fish, believed to be an ambush and consume them from behind. Given the widespread nature of cornet fish, it is possible that the local species of cornet fish would prey on other species of lionfish too.

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0 Goblin Shark

 

Animal Unique | Goblin Shark | The Goblin shark, Mitsukurina owstoni is a deep-sea shark, the only living species in the family Mitsukurinidae. The most striking characteristic of the goblin shark is the unusual shape of his head. It has a long, trowel-shaped, beak-like rostrum or snout, much longer than other sharks' snouts. Some other distinctive features of the shark are the color of his body, which is mostly pink, and his long, protrusible jaws. When the jaws are withdrawn, the shark resembles a pink-gray nurse shark, Carcharias taurus, with an unusually long nose.Mitsukurina owstoni can be found in the deep ocean, far below where the sun light can reach a depth of more than 200 m. They are found throughout the world, from Australia in the Pacific Ocean to the Gulf of Mexico into the Atlantic Ocean. They are best known from the waters around Japan, where the species was first discovered.

 

Goblin sharks feed on a variety of organisms that live in deep waters. Some of their known prey-sea squid, crabs and deep sea fishing. Very little is known about the life of the species' history and reproductive habits, such as encounters with them are relatively rare. Seemingly rare as they are, but there seems no real threat to their people and so they are not classified as endangered species by the IUCN. 

Scientific classification
Kingdom:     Animalia
Phylum:     Chordata

Class:         Chondrichthyes

Subclass:     Elasmobranchii
Order:         Lamniformes
Family:     Mitsukurinidae D. S. Jordan, 1898
Genus:         Mitsukurina D. S. Jordan, 1898
Species:     M. owstoni 

Taxonomy Goblin Shark

The Goblin shark was originally described in 1897 as Mitsukurina owstoni from a sample obtained in the Sagami Sea, near Yokohama, Japan.Another specimen caught in 1909 and was described by Louis Scapanorhynchus jordoni Hussakof. For a time, was the kind of moved to the genus Scapanorhynchus Scapanorhynchus owstoni and was appointed as a scientific name invalid.The fossils now has two dozen or so in two related species (extinct) genera, and Scapanorhynchus Anomotodon.

 

The genus' name is named after Mitsukurina Kakichi Mitsukuri, a Japanese zoologist at the University of Tokyo, who was responsible for bringing the then unknown sample to David Jordan for a proper taxonomic identification and description. The species itself was named by Jordan in honor of avid game collector Alan Owston, that the first specimen taken from a Japanese fisherman. The shark common name is a translation of the Japanese name tenguzame, which was the original term Japanese fishermen used to refer to the shark before the description. It refers to the goblin-like tengu of Japanese folklore, a long nose that is reminiscent of the muzzle Goblin shark.

 

Distribution and habitat Goblin Shark

Mitsukurina owstoni bathydemersal is a deep water sharks usually found near the seabed at a depth of about 250 m. The deepest specimen ever caught was found in 1300 m.There are only about 45 known copies of Mitsukurina owstoni. Most Goblin sharks caught were from Japan (where it was first discovered), especially in an area between Tosa Bay and Boso Peninsula. The species' range is quite large Pacific. M. owstoni species found in the waters of South Africa, from different locations in the western Pacific. Goblin sharks are found off the coasts of Australia and New Zealand. In the Atlantic, they found in the western Atlantic Ocean off French Guiana, in the eastern Atlantic in the Bay of Biscay and from Madeira and mainland Portugal. On the other side of the Atlantic, his goblin sharks are found in the Gulf of Mexico. 

 

Anatomy and appearance Goblin Shark
Goblin sharks can grow to 11 feet (3.3 m) long and weighs 350 pounds (159 kilograms). They have the typical shark's semi-fusiform body. Unlike the common image of sharks, Goblin shark the fins are not pointed and instead are low and rounded, the anal and pelvic fins much larger than the dorsal fins. Heterocercal their tails are similar to the thresher shark, with the upper lobe significantly longer in proportion than the other sharks. In addition, the goblin shark's tail is missing a ventral lobe.The pink color, unique among sharks, is due to the blood vessels under a semi-transparent skin (bruises, those easy), thereby causing the colors. The fins have a bluish appearance. Goblin sharks lack a nictitating membrane. They have no precaudal pit and no keels. The front teeth are long and smooth edges, while the rear teeth are adapted for crushing. Up to 25% of the body of the goblin shark's weight, the liver. This is similar to other sharks, such as the basking shark and the shark ruffles, and contributes to the buoyancy of the shark, like all sharks, lacking a swim bladder. 

 

Behavior Goblin Shark
Goblin sharks hunt by sensing the presence of prey with electro-sensitive organs in the stage, or muzzle, due to the absence of light in the deep waters where it swims. Once a shark finds its prey, it suddenly protrudes its jaws, while using a tongue-like muscle to suck the victim into his sharp teeth. They are known to feed on deep-sea rockfish (Helicolenus dactylopterus was found in one sample), cephalopods and crustaceans. 

 

Display Goblin Shark
Almost nothing is known about the reproductive habits of the Goblin shark. Even if a pregnant Goblin shark has never been caught or found, as members of the order Lamniformes, it is assumed that ovoviviparous; their eggs mature and come into the body of the mother and the shark gives birth to live young 

Importance to humans Goblin Shark
Goblin shark are usually found fishing as "bycatch. When they stay near the seabed, they are usually caught by deep sea bottom gillnets and long line fishing. They are sometimes caught by trawling. They are also sometimes found entangled by deep-sea fishing lines. There is a demand from a number of collectors for the skeletal jaws of goblin sharks. Prices of the jaw range from U.S. $ 1.500 to U.S. $ 4,000. 

 

Conservation status Goblin Shark
In 2004 Goblin shark classified by the IUCN Shark Red List Authority as a kind of "Least Concern". The reason given was that despite the fact that the Goblin shark sightings are relatively rare, the worldwide distribution of the species, combined with the fact that it is not often accidentally as bycatch in fisheries, ensured that the species is not the most probably in a fairly endangered. The IUCN describes the greatest threats Goblin shark population 'as either harvest (as a deliberate goal to fish), accidental mortality (bycatch) and to a lesser extent, water pollution. There are no active conservation efforts done on this particular species

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