0 Pelican Spiders ( Assassin Spider)

Animal Unique | Pelican Spiders ( Assassin Spider) | Pelican spiders are small (but not tiny) in size (less than 5 mm in body length), and usually brown or red-brown in colour. They are instantly recognisable by the remarkable shape of the cephalothorax and pars cephalica (head-region), the latter of which is elevated on top of a long 'neck'. The chelicerae are concomitantly elongate and spear-like, armed with a distal row of peg teeth which are used to impale their spider prey. The combination of a long neck and long chelicerae makes these spiders distinctly 'pelican-like' in appearance, hence the common name.

Archaeidae also possess eight eyes and long legs with a particularly long patella on leg I. The female genitalia are haplogyne with multiple spermathecae, and the male pedipalp is bulbous with a sinuous distal embolus and associated sclerites. The males of Australian pelican spiders also possess a dark dorsal scute on the abdomen. Males and females of most species possess two or three pairs of dorsal lumps or tubercles on the abdomen.

ralia, pelican spiders are usually found within temperate, subtropical or montane tropical rainforest, where they live within dense, low-growing vegetation, leaf litter, or on moss growing on logs or tree trunks. In south-western Western Australia, pelican spiders are rare, and are usually found in dense undergrowth, including coastal and montane heathland. The spiders build a line of silk at night, from which they hang upside-down to wait for their spider prey. The extremely long chelicerae, which are armed with peg teeth opposite the fangs, are used to spear and impale

Pelican spiders are cryptic and extremely well-camouflaged in nature, looking like inconspicuous seeds or pieces of organic debris lodged in vegetation - a disguise heightened by their ability to 'sway' from side-to-side in the breeze and when disturbed (similar to Mantodea and Phasmatodea among the insects).
Five archaeid species have been described from Australasia, although many new species are known from New South Wales and Queensland, and a single new species is known from south-western Western Australia (M. Rix and M. Harvey, work in progress). Pelican spiders are also diverse in Madagascar and south-eastern South Africa.

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Detail: Pelican Spiders ( Assassin Spider)

0 Brown Recluse Spider

 

Animal Unique | Brown Recluse Spider | Brown recluse spider or violin spider is a spider with a venomous bite. Brown recluse spiders build irregular webs that often shelter consists of disordered wires. The wild species lives in the southern states, ranging from central Texas to western Georgia and the internal variation resides in the lower reaches of the Midwest. They frequently build their webs in woodpiles and sheds, closets, garages, plenum, cellars and other places that are dry and generally undisturbed. If residence in human dwellings, they seem cardboard preferred, possibly because it mimics the rotting tree bark which they naturally inhabit. They are also found in shoes, in cupboards, bed sheets of underutilized beds, clothes piled or stacked or left lying on the floor, inside work gloves, behind baseboards and pictures, in toilets and near sources of heat when ambient temperatures are lower than usual. 

 

Brown recluse spider is native to the United States from the southern Midwest south to the Gulf of Mexico. The native range lies roughly south of a line from southeastern Nebraska through southern Iowa, Illinois and Indiana to southwestern Ohio. In the southern states, it is native from central Texas to western Georgia and north to Kentucky. Brown recluse spiders are usually between 6-20 mm, but can be larger. While normally light to medium brown, they vary in color from cream to dark brown or blackish gray. The cephalothorax and abdomen are not necessarily the same color. These spiders usually have markings on the dorsal side of the cephalothorax, with a black line that looks like a violin with the neck of the violin to the back of the spider, resulting in the nicknames fiddle back spider, brown fiddler or violin spider. 

 

Scientific classification
Kingdom:     Animalia
Phylum:     Arthropoda
Class:     Arachnida
Order:     Araneae
Family:     Sicariidae
Genus:     Loxosceles
Species:     L. reclusa

Adult Brown recluse spiders often live about one to two years. Each female produces several egg sacs over a period of two to three months from May to July, with about fifty eggs per bag. The eggs hatch in about a month. Brown recluse spiders take about a year to grow to adulthood. The Brown recluse spider is resilient and can tolerate up to six months of drought and scarcity or absence of food, especially observed in an opportunity in a controlled captivity survives for more than five years without food. 

 

A brown recluse's stance on a flat surface is generally radial with all legs extended. When alarmed the body can be lowered, it pulls the two legs stretched back in a defensive position and pull the rear pair of legs in a position to lunge forward, and stand motionless with raised pedipalps. The pedipalps in adult specimens are dark, very prominent, and are usually held horizontally forward. When threatened flight that is usually, apparently in order to avoid a conflict, and as may be further held not in contact with a fast horizontal rotating movements. The spider is usually not to jump abruptly unless touched, and even then it is the avoidance of movement is more of a horizontal lunge in place of an arch of itself completely from the surface. In carrying out the brown recluse does not seem to leave a silk line, which in any case, it may be more easily tracked when it is running. 

 

The bite is often initially not felt and could not immediately painful, but it can be serious. The Brown recluse spider carries a potentially deadly poison hemotoxic. Most of the bites are small with no necrosis. However, a small number of brown recluse bites do produce severe dermonecrotic lesions, an even smaller number produce severe cutaneous (skin) or viscerocutaneous (systemic) symptoms. Most brown recluse bites do not lead to necrosis or systemic effects. When both types loxoscelism result, systemic effects may occur before necrosis, because the poison spreads throughout the body in minutes. 

 

First aid involves the application of an ice pack to control the inflammation, the application of aloe vera to soothe and help control the pain and prompt medical care. As can be easily taken care of, the spider to be aligned with the patient in a clear, well-closed container as can be identified. In suspected cases of recluse bites, dapsone is often effective for the treatment of necrosis, but controlled clinical trials prove equally effective. However, dapsone effective in treating many "spider bite", because many of these cases are really misdiagnosed microbial infections. [33] There are conflicting reports regarding the efficacy in the treatment of brown recluse bites, and some have suggested it should not be used routinely, if at all. Wound infection is rare. Antibiotics are not recommended unless there is a credible diagnosis of infection.

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Detail: Brown Recluse Spider

0 Spider

 

Animal Unique | Spider | Spiders are famous of fears, stories and mythologies of various cultures for centuries. They have symbolized patience due to their hunting technique of setting webs and waiting for a prey, but also evil and malice for the painful death of their poison causes. Web-spinning also caused the association of the spider with creation myths as they appear on the ability to produce their own worlds. In science, spiders have breathing arthropods that have eight legs and chelicerae with fangs that inject poison. Spiders are found worldwide in all continents except Antarctica, and have settled in nearly every habitat except the air and sea colonization. 

Scientific classification
Kingdom:     Animalia
Phylum:     Arthropoda
Subphylum:     Chelicerata
(unranked):     Arachnomorpha
Class:     Arachnida
Order:     Araneae

Spiders are invertebrates. They lack a backbone and they have no internal skeleton. Instead, the entire body enclosed in a hard, protective coating called an exoskeleton. The exoskeleton is made of protein and reinforced by a substance called chitin. Sensitive hairs and spines covering the exoskeleton. Spiders vary greatly in size and color. In height they range from 1/50th of an inch to 3 1/2 inch. Most spiders are gray, black or brown, but some are so vivid colors like green or red and others have colorful markings on their bodies. There are about 40,000 species of spiders, and 109 families have been recorded by taxonomists. Yet there was any confusion within the scientific community about how all these families that are proposed to be classified since 1900. 

The spider body has two main regions. The cephalothorax, which consists of a molten head and chest and abdomen. The two areas are separated by a conical section, said stem. At the front of the cephalothorax the eye, usually four pairs, and the mouth. The mouth is adapted to suck spiders do not chew their prey, but instead suck the internal fluids of their victims. Six pairs of appendages on the cephalothorax, a pair of chelicerae, a pair of pedipalps and four pairs of walking legs. The chelicerae end in fangs, which contain a poison that paralyzes or kills prey. Most spiders feed on insects. The larger species feed on small fish, birds and reptiles. The pedipalps are used as feelers, and to hold the prey during feeding. In male spiders, the pedipalps also used to transfer sperm to the female.

Spiders often use lots of silk which they spin. Like other spider species of spiders are terrestrial, although some have adapted to freshwater life by air bubbles underwater and carrying the bubbles with them. Spiders are numerous and occur worldwide. All spiders kill their prey with a venomous bite. A spider bites its prey with its fangs, the long, pointed teeth. Poison, the so-called poison flows through the teeth. The poison stuns or kills the spider its prey.

Spider has no chewing mouth parts. It can not eat its prey by chewing. Instead, the spider sucks the fluids of its prey. A spider can inject special juices out of his mouth on the prey. These juices turn the prey's body into a soupy liquid. Then the spider can slurp her meal. A spider just stuns its prey. Then spins and weaves a silken case around the prey. The spider is prey on its website or put it in a safe place. When the spider is hungry, it has a meal waiting. 

The bite of some large spiders can be painful, but most species are too small to break human skin, and only a few are dangerous to humans. The latter are mainly the black widow spider and its close relatives, non-invasive and bite humans only in defense. Their painful bite is followed by faintness, difficulty in breathing and other symptoms, although the bite is rarely fatal, especially if it is caused to healthy adults, medical help should be sought at once. 

 

Spider poison, a less polluting alternative to conventional pesticides as they are deadly to insects, but the vast majority are harmless to vertebrates. Australian funnel web spiders are a promising source as most insect pests in the world have no possibility of any immunity to their poison to develop and funnel web spiders thrive in captivity and are easy to "milk". It is possible to specific pests to be set up by the technical genes for the production of toxic substances in the spin viruses that species, such as cotton boll worms infect. Potential medical applications for the spider poison be examined. Because spider silk is both light and very strong, attempts are being made to produce it in goats and in the leaves of plants.

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